1.标题换行
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 |
> library(gcookbook) > library('ggplot2') > p = ggplot(heightweight, aes(x=ageYear, y=heightIn)) + geom_point() > p + ggtitle("Age and Height of\n Schoolchildren") ggtitle跟 labs(title = "Title text")等价 还有一种方式 # Move the title inside p + ggtitle("Age and Height of Schoolchildren") + theme(plot.title=element_text(vjust = -2.5)) 这种方式的缺点是仍然保留了title的位置 # Use a text annotation instead p + annotate("text", x=mean(range(heightweight$ageYear)), y=Inf, label="Age and Height of Schoolchildren", vjust=1.5, size=6) |
2.改变text
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 |
library(gcookbook) # For the data set # Base plot p = ggplot(heightweight, aes(x=ageYear, y=heightIn)) + geom_point() # Controlling appearance of theme items p + theme(axis.title.x=element_text(size=16, lineheight=.9, family="Times",face="bold.italic", colour="red")) p + ggtitle("Age and Height\nof Schoolchildren") + theme(plot.title=element_text(size=rel(1.5), lineheight=.9, family="Times", face="bold.italic", colour="red")) # rel(1.5) means that the font will be 1.5 times the base font size of the theme. # For theme elements, font size is in points. To set the appearance of text geoms (text that’s in the plot itself, with geom_text() or annotate()), set the text properties. For example: p + annotate("text", x=15, y=53, label="Some text", size = 7, family="Times",fontface="bold.italic", colour="red") p + geom_text(aes(label=weightLb), size=4, family="Times", colour="red") ggplot涉及到改变文本的又两种方式：theme和text geom: |
3.改变theme
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 |
> p = ggplot(heightweight, aes(x=ageYear, y=heightIn)) + geom_point() > p + theme_grey() > p + theme_bw() library(gcookbook) # For the data set # Base plot p = ggplot(heightweight, aes(x=ageYear, y=heightIn, colour=sex)) + geom_point() # Options for the plotting area p + theme( panel.grid.major = element_line(colour="red"), panel.grid.minor = element_line(colour="red", linetype="dashed", size=0.2), panel.background = element_rect(fill="lightblue"), panel.border = element_rect(colour="blue", fill=NA, size=2)) # Options for text items p + ggtitle("Plot title here") + theme( axis.title.x = element_text(colour="red", size=14), axis.text.x = element_text(colour="blue"), axis.title.y = element_text(colour="red", size=14, angle = 90), axis.text.y = element_text(colour="blue"), plot.title = element_text(colour="red", size=20, face="bold")) # Options for the legend p + theme(legend.background = element_rect(fill="grey85", colour="red", size=1),legend.title = element_text(colour="blue", face="bold", size=14), |
4.自定义背景
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 |
library(gcookbook) # For the data set # Start with theme_bw() and modify a few things mytheme = theme_bw() + theme(text = element_text(colour="red"), axis.title = element_text(size = rel(1.25))) # Base plot p = ggplot(heightweight, aes(x=ageYear, y=heightIn)) + geom_point() # Plot with modified theme p + mytheme |
5.网格线
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 |
library(gcookbook) # For the data set p = ggplot(heightweight, aes(x=ageYear, y=heightIn)) + geom_point() p + theme(panel.grid.major = element_blank(), panel.grid.minor = element_blank()) #Hide the vertical grid lines (which intersect with the x-axis) p + theme(panel.grid.major.x = element_blank(), panel.grid.minor.x = element_blank()) # Hide the horizontal grid lines (which intersect with the y-axis) p + theme(panel.grid.major.y = element_blank(), panel.grid.minor.y = element_blank()) |
参考资料：
R Graphics Cookbook by Winston Chang (O’Reilly)